Agriculture Education

IDA/700-PAK-10 Assignment Report Agricultural Education FOR INTERNAL USE ONLY: NOT FOR GENERAL DISTRIBUTION PAKISTAN Horticulture and Vegetable Production at the Sind Agricultural University, Tandojam by Mohamed A. S. Sakr UNITED NATIONS EDUCATIONAL, SCIENTIFIC AND CULTURAL ORGANIZATION (Unesco) Paris, 1982 Serial No. FMR/ED/OPS/82/23KIDA) IDA/700-PAK-10 Assignment Report (Sakr) FMR/ED/OPS/82/231 (IDA) Paris, 22 June 1982 CONTENTS PARAGRAPHS INTRODUCTION ( 1 †2) AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION: UNIVERSITY PROVISION AND NEEDS ( 3 †14) Faculties 3-Central Facilities: 5-8 (1) (2) (3) Central Library Laboratories Water and Electricity (4) 5 6 7 S University Farm 9 Faculty of Agriculture 9 Staffing 10 †14 Department of Horticulture 10 (1) (2) (3) Staffing Buildings Equipment 11 †13 14 (15 †36) ACTIVITIES OF HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT AND ADVISER 16 †20 Undergraduate Curricula 21 Postgraduate Curricula 22 †29 Vegetable Crops (1) (2) (3) goals and Methods Growing tec hniques Seed creation (4) Results 22 †23 24 †27 28 29 30 †32 Student Training:- down to earth work and talks 3 †34 Staff Training Research 35 †I. Presentation 1. This report covers the exercises of the Adviser in Horticulture and Vega,table Production from 14 March 1981 to 13 March 1982, inside the system of Credit Agreement No. 678, marked on 18 February 1977 between the Government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan and the International Development Association as gave by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) under sub-agreement to Unesco. 2. His capacities were characterized as follows:Under the heading of theVice-chancellor of the University and the Director of the Third Education Project in Pakistan, the Adviser, other than performing such different obligations inside his capability as may be relegated him, would help the University's Faculty of Agriculture to: a) b) Develop educational programs and showing techniques for courses in cultivation ; c) Prepare seminars on physiological highlights influencing the development of plant crops, including day-length, water-stress, soil and air temperatures, manure use and take-up, and so on ; d) Encourage the turn of events and utilization of imaginative strategies for showing cultivation; e)Identify plant species which could be utilized locally for seed creation; f) I. Start and improve research strategies in vegetable creation; Prepare, inside the Adviser's field of fitness, specialized reports (manuals, rules, leaflets, and so on ) to be put at the removal of the Faculty of Agriculture. Agrarian EDUCATION: UNIVERSITY PROVISION AND NEEDS Faculties 3. The Sind Agricultural University, which created from the Agricultural College originally settled at Sakrand in 1939, had in 1982, an enrolment of 1,700 understudies and approximately 200 school personnel (excluding Research Institute s taff).It has a Division of Basic Sciences, three Faculties †Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Ve terinary Science, and Agricultural Engineering †and a Directorate of Advanced Studies. 4. The biggest personnel is that of Agriculture, with 1,252 students and 174 postgraduate understudies and 88 school personnel in 1982. It has eleven offices: agronomy, herbal science and plant reproducing, farming augmentation and short courses, rural science, agrarian financial aspects, entomology, cultivation, plant security, plant pathology, insights and English. - 2-Central Facilities (1) Central Library; 5. The Adviser thought about that the Central Library, which serves the entire University, had insufficient supplies of late reference books and periodicals, that its utilization could be expanded if its long stretches of activity were reached out from 7. 30 a. m. to 7. 30 p. m. , and that ordering and rack stockpiling of books and different materials ought to be improved. (2) Laboratories : 6. A Central Laboratory, the Adviser suggested, ought to be built up for cutting edge considers, appropriately outfitted and set up with prepared technicians.There was a requirement for a focal assistance to keep up and fix research facility gear and contraption. He saw various things as unavailable which could without much of a stretch have been fixed. Lab partners were required for appropriate lab upkeep and activity, and each division ought to approach labs reasonable for viable work by understudies, for exhibitions and for exploration and experimentation by showing staff and postgraduate understudies. (3) Water and Electricity: 7. The water pressure was lacking in many labs, to the impairment of down to earth work and test projects.Intermittent electrical breakdowns meddled with the direct of research facility tests which required upkeep of a specific temperature, mugginess and lighting. Wiring in certain labs was deficient. Voltage vacillations ought to be balanced out by voltage controllers where delicate mechanical assembly was utilized. A crisis power, flexibly ought t o be accessible. (4) college Farm: 8. The significance of down to earth preparing ought to be reflected by the improvement of a college ranch sufficiently enormous to serve each of the three faculties.A panel, headed by the Vice-chancellor, ought to be liable for the arranging and control of the homestead, with a homestead supervisor responsible for its exercises. The homestead would be utilized basically for preparing understudies and for exploratory examinations, while creation of field yields, products of the soil, along with apiculture and fish-cultivating, could bolster research exercises. Personnel of Agriculture Staffing: 9. With 88 school personnel for 1,426 understudies, the understudy educator proportion in the Faculty of Agriculture is 1:16.This makes it hard for instructors to educate, oversee reasonable preparing and exploration assignments and manage understudies. The Adviser thought about that the teacher:student proportion ought to be 1:10. - 3-Department of Horticul ture (1) Staffing 10. The Horticultural Department of the Faculty of Agriculture gives undergrad and graduate courses in three primary fields: pomology, olericulture and elaborate cultivation. The school personnel of eight (a teacher, one partner educator, four right hand educators and two instructors) ought to be multiplied by the expansion of two partners, two associate educators and four lecturers.A research facility professional and three aides, a field aide for the vegetable nursery and a tractor driver (should the Department get a nursery tractor) ought to likewise b e gave. For the occasion, the University ought to give in any event a research center professional and a field right hand. (2) Buildings (a) Laboratories : 11. The Department has two research centers, one about 30* x 15†² and the other 60†² x 3 0†², the last having two store rooms. Taking into account that this space was insufficient for undergrad down to earth work, the Adviser-suggested the arrang ement of two additional research facilities of 4 0†² x 25 ‘ . b) 12. Agricultural Structures: The Adviser suggested arrangement of: (I) a slat place of 4 0 x 8 0 ‘ for engendering and to give appropriate shade to seedlings and fancy shade plants; (ii) a nursery for tropical foliage plants? (iii) a development chamber for research on ecological effect on the development and yield of green plants. On the off chance that an imported development chamber can't b e acquired, an option would b e a nursery with dampness, light and temperature controls. (c) Post-gather Structures: 1 3. A structure is required for getting ready leafy foods for advertising and torage, de-greening and natural product relieving chambers, cold stockpiling, and safeguarding of foods grown from the ground. (3) Equipment 1 4. The research center hardware is sufficient, however a few things needed fix. Field apparatus, for both nursery and ranch, is given by the Faculty of Agricultural Engineering. I n any case, the Adviser considered it would be invaluable for the Department to have a 60 hp garden tractor, with trolly and - 4-different embellishments, furrow, cultivator, rotivator, leveler, pit-digger, driller, power sprayer, etc.This would spare time presently being lost in obtaining tractors in crises, for example, one which may emerge regarding malady and vermin control. It would ease issues happening from the lack of work. I II. Exercises OF HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT AND ADVISER 1 5. Other than exhorting on staffing and offices, the Adviser co-worked with Department of Horticulture staff in various exercises, including the modification of educational programs, developing of vegetable harvests, down to earth work, preparing understudies and staff, and examination. Undergrad Curricula 16..Undergraduate examinations in agriculture spread a time of five years, the courses being: Years 1 and 2 : Basic science (Intermediate l evel); Year 3 : General cultivation; Year 4 : Fruit and vegetable developing and elaborate cultivation ; Year 5 : Fruit and vegetable creation, scene planting and general food innovation. 1 7. The educational plans in the accompanying zones were reexamined. (an) Intermediate level essential science; (b) Various significant field agricultural courses; (c) Agro-environment of Sind and Baluchistan; (d) Major green yields in Sind and Baluchistan; e) Problems of foods grown from the ground creation in these two areas. 18. An interval improvement plan was set up for undergrad and postgraduate investigations. It was concurred that the three existing courses in plant-rearing and hereditary qualities gave a satisfactory logical foundation in this field and that need should now go to foods grown from the ground creation. To this end, two new courses ought to be included with the goal that the general course would include: vegetable developing, vegetable creation (two courses) and seed creation. †5-19.In vegetable developing, notwithstanding the current zones of definition, arrangement, soil and climatic necessities, the Faculty should include turn, green manuring and kitchen garden development. The two courses in vegetable creation would give time for significant yields to be

Understanding the Accounting Cycle

To comprehend bookkeeping data and use bookkeeping data is of import for any worry. â€Å" Information that is given to outer gatherings who have a contribution in an organization is here and there alluded to as financial bookkeeping data, † orchestrating to Williams, Haka, Bettner, and Carcello ( 2006, p. 4 ) . The central ground in providing bookkeeping and financial data is the use of said data in dynamic goals. Numerous gatherings, including organization course, specialists regulative departments, lenders, and suppliers, utilize financial data in arranged approaches to discover an organization ‘s monetary wellbeing and capacity to run into obligations as such obligations become current. Organizations and their powers must comprehend the varying stairss in the bookkeeping mood and how such stairss give reliable data to the clients of financial data. What is the Accounting Cycle? The bookkeeping mood is the â€Å" arrangement of bookkeeping processs used to enter, sort, and summarize bookkeeping data in financial investigations at customary interims † ( p. 94 ) . The closing preparing of formal monetary proclamations is ever begun with the chronicle of concern minutess and this musicality rehashes so the worry can fix new, current, financial explanations because of concern minutess directed by the house. The bookkeeping musicality is made out of eight stairss and incorporates journalizing minutess, presenting diary sections on record accounts, fixing a test balance, doing end-of-the-period housing, fixing a balanced test balance, fixing financial articulations, journalizing and posting closing passages, and fixing a subsequent to shutting test balance. Recollect charges increment resources while credits increment owner value during the chronicle and convenience phases of the bookkeeping musicality. A history â€Å" has only three components: ( 1 ) a rubric ; ( 2 ) a left side, which is known as the charge side ; and ( 3 ) a correct side, which is known as the acknowledgment side † ( p. 95 ) ; such accountings are called T narratives on the grounds that, on paper, the chronicle of such chronicles looks like the letter â€Å" T. † An example T history is beneath: The history balance is resolved in the contrast between the charge and acknowledgment sides of the history. On the off chance that the charge whole is more than the acknowledgment aggregate, the history is said to hold a charge balance. On the off chance that the acknowledgment entirety is more, so the history is said to hold an acknowledgment balance. In addition to chronicles, the charge entering builds the whole in the in addition to history and an acknowledgment diminishes the total in the history. Under obligation and owners ‘ value narratives, the charge diminishes the whole in the history, while an acknowledgment builds the total in the history. This lines up with the condition what's more, is known as the arrangement of twofold passage history. Journalizing Minutess The principal measure includes puting the worry minutess into a journal, which records the worry minutess sequentially ( day by day ) . The wholes entered in this development are moved to the charge and acknowledgment regions of the narratives in the leger. An individual puting in the house pays $ 80,000 in hard cash in return for stock in the house. The two accounts influenced by this managing are the Cash and Capital Stock. The main measure in journalizing this passage is come ining the name of the history charged ( Cash ) , which is composed principal, alongside its dollar entirety entered in the left-hand cash section. The name of the history credited ( Capital Stock ) shows up beneath Cash and is indented to one side, with the dollar total glancing in the right-hand cash section. A depiction of the managing shows up underneath the journal section. The following is an example diary passage: Presenting on Ledger Histories â€Å" Posting basic offices refreshing the leger chronicles for the impacts of the minutess recorded in the journal † ( p. 98 ) . In the event that the individual peruses the journal passage so anyone might hear, this implies the old journal sections are perused as â€Å" Debit Cash $ 80,000 ; acknowledgment Capital Stock, $ 80,000. † This strategy is proceeded until all diary sections are record in the leger. When the entirety of the leger sections are determined, the accompanying measure is the preparing of the test balance. Preliminary Balance The test balance is set up to ensure charges and credits equivalent each other. The entirety of the leger accounts are recorded, â€Å" with charges in the left section and credits in the correct segment † ( Internet Center for Management and Business Administration, 2007 ) . The charge segment is included preeminent, so the acknowledgment segment. On the off chance that the aggregates do non hold, the issue could be a charge was recorded then again of an acknowledgment, blunders in number juggling, and administrative missteps in replicating history adjusts into the test balance. The two segments ought to be equivalent ; by the by, this does non plan that a managing was recorded in the wrong history. Making End-of-period Adjustments Modifications after the test balance is made to enter collected, conceded, and assessed totals and presenting the balanced passages on the leger chronicles. When the sections are entered in the leger, the bookkeeper readies the balanced test balance, which contains comparable stairss to the unadjusted test balance ; by and by, the balanced test balance contains the seting passages. Gathered focuses would incorporate wages, contribution pay, and unbilled net ; conceded focuses would incorporate postpaid protection, office supplies, and deterioration. Fixing Fiscal Statements â€Å" Publicly claimed organizations those with partitions recorded on a stock trade have obligations to relinquish one-year and quarterly data to their investors and to the people † ( Williams, Haka, Bettner, and Carcello, 2006, p. 192 ) . The financial explanations incorporate the pay articulation, the announcement of kept up total compensations, the monetary record, and the announcement of hard cash streams ( other than known as the hard money stream proclamation ) . The pay explanation is arranged first since it decides the entirety of net gain in the announcement of kept up total compensations. The announcement of kept up total compensations is readied following to gracefully data for the monetary record. The monetary record is set up from the benefits, liabilities, and value narratives of the house. At last, the hard cash stream proclamation is readied using informations from the other monetary explanations. Fixing Closing Entries to Diaries and Ledger Histories Shutting diary passages closes temporary chronicles, for example, grosss and moves these accounts to a fleeting salary summarize history. The parity is so moved to the kept up overall gains history, which is a capital history ; correspondingly, profit or backdown narratives are shut to capital. Closing sections are so presented on the leger accounts. After these endeavors the in the wake of shutting trail balance is made to ensure charges equivalent credits. Blunder checking and amendment is made to this test balance. The Importance of the Accounting Cycle Re-visited All worries get ready monetary articulations, so it is of import all representatives comprehend the bookkeeping cadence to ensure the best possible section of informations and trustworthy financial data out put. Eight stairss contain the bookkeeping musicality, from the journalizing of concern minutess to fixing in the wake of shutting test adjusts. Without the bookkeeping mood, the data gave in financial explanations would non be trustworthy and dynamic systems would be difficult to execute by clients of monetary data.

ESL Compare and Contrast Essay Topics - Finding Your Writing Basics

ESL Compare and Contrast Essay Topics - Finding Your Writing BasicsWhen it comes to ESL (English as a Second Language) compare and contrast essay topics, you should be able to find some sort of format. But there is one problem, the writers I have worked with, often seem to have trouble knowing what it is they need.So let's go over the basics. I know you want to write about your experiences in life, but most people get stuck with their first experience being when they learned English. This happens to me all the time because I can't relate my experiences with someone else who was in the same boat as me when I was first learning.That being said, try to find a topic that focuses on a particular aspect of English. It doesn't have to be your native language but rather your first experience learning how to speak English.For example, if you are trying to write about your childhood in that country, you could discuss what it was like when you first started speaking English. It would be a great way to have your readers relate to your experiences as they relate to your topic.Of course, you should use this in conjunction with other topics that will make your writing flow better. I will talk more about that in a moment.The main purpose of these essay topics is to give your reader something to relate to. If you're having trouble finding a way to do that, then you might be dealing with another writer problem.Often times, writers will get bogged down by taking a topic that doesn't relate to them and they get stuck trying to make their writing flow better. If you are experiencing this as well, it could be because you have too many English as a Second Language topics.I have found that the best thing to do is to go through your existing topics and make sure that you have enough topics to start working on ESL compare and contrast essay topics. If you do that, you will always have a good base to work with.

Why A Good Divorce Is Better Than A Bad Marriage For Kids

Brette Sember, in her article â€Å"Why a Good Divorce Is Better Than a Bad Marriage for Kids†concurs when she notes ,†If you stay married for the sake of your children, you expose them to daily arguments, negative undercurrents, shouting, possible violence, and an atmosphere that is in no way calm and peaceful. This has a huge impact on your child† (Sember). In other words, she asserts that the children are exposed to negative conflict from their parent’s. The children will be affected if they stay together. Even though divorce provides relief for the family, divorce should always be considered for the benefit of the family because it allows children not to be affected by the negativity from their parents and the parents fighting causes a bad†¦show more content†¦Even though divorce provides relief for the family, divorce should always be considered for the benefit of the family because it allows children not to be affected by the negativity from t heir parents. In Hal Arkowitz article,â€Å"Is Divorce Bad for Children†, he states, â€Å"Divorce affects most children in the short run, but research suggests that kids recover rapidly after the initial blow† (Arkowitz). What he is insisting is that staying in a failing marriage with children will cause them to suffer emotionally. They will suffer from depression, anxiety, and anger. These effects will then go from minor to major problems, they will act out such as getting into trouble at school and also even doing poorly in school.Not only are the children suffering, but the parents suffer just as much. The parents are also at risk of depression, anxiety, or even substance abuse in one or both parents because of the stress from fighting which is proven to permit more trauma to the family. When children become emotional during the divorce process they tend to take it out on their parents. The parents are always busy fighting with each other, they lose attention on th eir child. Susan Stiffelman states in â€Å"Divorce and Kids: Dealing With Serious Anger Issues†, â€Å"This may manifest as slamming doors when he doesn’t get his way, defying you when you make a request or turning his aggression on himself with comments like, â€Å"I hate my life† (Stiffelman). Stiffelman isShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Divorce1420 Words   |  6 PagesDivorce is viewed differently by many people. Sometimes this is due to experiences, what others have said, or looking at studies that are not always accurate. However, not everyone can have the same views about marriage ending in divorce. In the article, â€Å"No Easy Answers: Why the Popular View of Divorce Is Wrong† by Constance Ahrons she shows her view on divorce. Ahrons believes that divorce does not have long-lasting damaging effects on children (65). 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There is many factors as to why two people divorce and its effects on the adults and children in the family. In my opinio n the top three effects of divorce are former lovers losing feelings, economic troubles, andRead MoreDivorce Where Children Are Involved Essay1561 Words   |  7 PagesDivorce has become a major part of our society and affects many people every year. In some instances of divorce, families have been torn apart leaving children stuck in the middle of conflict. This is where children start lashing out at their parents and everyone around them and it is because they are hurt and out of their comfort zone. One cannot forget about the children that divorce affects in a negative way. However, this is not always the case. There are children of divorce that get throughRead MoreFactors Promoting Higher Divorce Rates Essay1062 Words   |  5 Pagesthe ratio divorce to marriage was one divorce for every 18 marriages. 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Essay Ethics of Cheating - 735 Words

Cheaters Never Win, Oh wait they doÂ…Â…Â…theyre Cheaters Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. I intend to show the different beliefs, from different perspectives of people, and also intend on proving which beliefs have the strongest and weakest arguments. An ethical egoist could argue that we have an obligation to cheat. Ethical egoists maintain the belief that we should act selfishly. We should do things that we believe in our self-interest, which is our own genuine interest. Egoist would cheat to†¦show more content†¦Deontology on the other hand would argue that you should not cheat. Deontology assumes that we all have clear sets of duties that we ought to obey, these are given to us from God or our own reason. Therefore cheating is obviously wrong, so you ought not to cheat. Deontology believes that you have a set of duties that you follow. In deontological ethics, an action is considered morally good because of some characteristic of the action itself, not because the result of the action is good. Of the three approaches to ethics that are mentioned above I think that the egoists support of cheating makes the best argument. Although, I personally do not believe in cheating I do think that egoist do justify the act of cheating. Egoists feel that we should put our selves before all others and that we should do what makes us happy. They feel that whatever will benefit us most will in turn make us happier. I think the comparison of the strongest argument brings out the weaknesses in the other two arguments. I feel that utilitarianism does not have as strong of an argument for cheating, because they do not look at the entire situation and also they are interested in the happiness of themselves, cheating is not necessarily always going to make you happy. I believe that deontology has the weakest argument, they live by what youShow MoreRelated Ethics Of Cheating Essay752 Words   |  4 Pages Cheaters Never Win, Oh wait they do†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦they’re Cheaters Cheating is defined in the dictionary as, to deceive by trickery; swindle, however the dictionary fails to tell you if it is right or wrong to cheat. People have many different beliefs when it comes to cheating; some think its fine to do while others completely disapprove. I intend to show the different beliefs, from different perspectives of people, and also intend on proving which beliefs have the strongest and weakest arguments. An ethicalRead MorePersonal Ethics : An Ethical Person? 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Cheating can be defined as any act of academic dishonesty and is encountered in various forms. There has been extensive research [Whitley, 1998] to analyze fraudulent exercises- especially in undergraduate school setting. 72%Read MoreAcademic Plagiarism And Academic Dishonesty932 Words   |  4 PagesForgetting to study can cause those who would not usually cheat to stoop low and look at someone else s work. Some students rely on cheating to make their way through high school or college. Academic dishonesty is a way lazy students take advantage of hard working students. Whether the academic dishonesty is caused because of the lack of preparation, a poor work ethic, or by having a poor home life; it usually leads to violating academic dishonesty school policies and leading to short term and longRead MoreIs Cheating Ethical1654 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction: Many people tend to equate ethics with their feelings. But being ethical is clearly not a matter of followings one’s feelings. 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What are ethics and how they do apply to the college student, and how does the college student s apply it to the world. Ethics has many meanings but for this period of instruction according to the Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy it is described as: (moral philosophy) involves systematizing defending and recommending concepts of right and wrong (Encyclopedia). Most students learn this from an early age, cheating is not tolerated

Project Management A Buzzword Of The Modern Business World

Although projects can be found dating back hundreds and thousands of years, project management has become a buzzword in the modern business world. Improved technology has allowed and enabled a vast increase in the number of projects to be completed in the workplace. Projects that would once have taken months to complete now take weeks, and new projects follow on their heels. The latest software makes tracking multiple projects easier, and training courses in project management demonstrate new tricks of the trade. The booming economy of the late 1990s made it feasible, from an economic standpoint, for companies to engage in more new endeavors than ever before. New products, new locations, and enhanced services were all the byproducts of the increase in projects. While a recession could mean a dip in big business projects, there will always be a need to complete projects successfully. If nothing else, project management can teach you how to see the big picture and organize all the smaller components of any significant task you undertake. As noted previously, projects can begin in many ways. You might trip over a carton while entering your garage and decide that it s time for a major garage sale to clean up all the junk in there. Poof! You have a project: organize and hold a garage sale. Your boss might come into your office complaining that vacuum sales are down and that you need to create a better product that knocks out the competition before the end of the fiscalShow MoreRelatedCorporate Social Responsibility Of The World Essay1545 Words   |  7 Pagesthe World: The origin of Corporate Social Responsibility in businesses has no fixed date. Most experts, scholars, researchers, practitioners, writers, philanthropists, civil societies conscious citizens opined that it can be carried out in an ethical and socially responsible manner. 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Internship Report Essay Example For Students

Internship Report Essay INTERNSHIP REPORT FIRST WEEK: You would think that three years of school, half a dozen accounting classes and about thirty business courses would prepare someone pretty well for an accounting internship. While I will admit that I may have missed a few classes, I doubt that is why my time at R. C. Maheshwari Associates taught me more about accounting and business than anything I have taken in college . I worked on New Horizon project and done tax returns tally. I helped in recording receipt voucher, payment voucher, sales voucher and purchase voucher. When purchase goods attracting different rates of VAT, we have to create different purchase ledgers consisting of different tax rates. e. g. [emailprotected]%, [emailprotected] 5%, [emailprotected]% separately and have to create different Input VAT ledgers consisting of different rates. When we enter the vouchers in purchase, we can select the required purchase ledger. e. g. [emailprotected] 5% and record. Regarding the Input VAT ledgers we can select the required Input VAT ledger (e. g. Input [emailprotected] 5%) that comes under the concerned purchases. I had a huge variety of experiences and was fortunate to get the opportunity to work with so many different (and extremely talented) people. But the most important part of all this is that I was asked to do important tasks and given challenging assignments across this broad spectrum of experiences. That is what sets R. C. Maheshwari apart for me, and it is what made my internship special –R. C. Maheshwari Associates will challenge you to take on as much as you can, even if it means making mistakes the first time around. SECOND WEEK: With little over a week under my belt at R. C. Maheshwari, Abishek took me out on a 401K plan audit where I have done vouching to make sure the plan had accurate records of participants and had followed the plan document in allocations, loans and other issues. I asked Abishek a lot of questions about why we did certain things, and even more questions that had nothing to do with the part I was working on at all. Each time Abishek made sure I understood his answers, and that I grasped the whole process instead of just telling me how to do my part. As we worked, issues came up that needed the controller’s clarification, and after our first set of questions, Abishek just told me to go ask about any issues I had on my own. I thought it was really trusting of him to let the new intern just ask what I felt was appropriate, and while it may shock those with cubes near mine, I became a bit unsure about myself raising issues about the plan with a controller who had nearly forty years in age on me. I also was fortunate enough to get the opportunity to do substantial work on a DASSANI TRANSPOWER audit with Abishek and Mukesh, and I completed significant portions of the audit program, especially on the assets portion. It was really neat to work on a small entity, because I really got a feel for how each part of the financial statements gets audited, assets liabilities, revenue and expenses. The company deals in electrical goods like invertor, etc,.. It sells its goods throughout India and possess a good reputation in the market. The company turnover is about 25 crores. I have done cash, credit and bank vouching. Cash book is maintained to account for receipts and payments of cash. We should see that all the receipts have been recorded in the cash book. The vouchers should be arranged in chronological order. For bank vouching we have to take a reconciliation statement for every month so that we can check whether the balance transferred is proper or not. .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .postImageUrl , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:hover , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:visited , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:active { border:0!important; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:active , .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2 .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua04378cc7a15ed3e6542696dd97601b2:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Counseling process EssayYet again I found myself learning quite a bit about a topic that I knew nothing about before coming to R. C. Maheshwari! THIRD WEEK: Another assignment that I spent considerable time on was doing vouching for Arihant Power lines, which sharpened my balance sheet skills and taught me about the different types of strategies to be done in the businesses. The company manufactures electronic goods and it sells its products all over India. The company turnover is about 20 crores. I have done cash, credit and ank vouching. Cash book is maintained to account for receipts and payments of cash. We should see that all the receipts have been recorded in the cas h book. The vouchers should be arranged in chronological order. For bank vouching we have to take a reconciliation statement for every month so that we can check whether the balance transferred is proper or not. I have filed income tax returns for the year 2009-10. The IT returns must be filed every year month before 13th of the preceeding month. While it did not seem to be a great assignment when it was given, I think it was a good exercise because in the future I might work with a client and with the knowledge I have gained I may be able to help them find ways to save taxes or procure financing through some niche program. I had to interact with various vendors and express concerns about their programs, explain what we needed to salespeople who would call, and finally express an opinion about what I felt was the best option. In the interim, I also learned quite a bit about what Company does, and began to realize the possible cost savings and efficiency gains that could be made by clients outsourcing services or buying materials from overseas. I really think that R. C. Maheshwari Associates could be a tremendous asset in the future, because as time passes the world only becomes more integrated. The accountants can provide a lot of valuable services, especially in the areas of currency risks and credit evaluation. The Tax Department also supplied me with several learning opportunities this summer. Mukesh gave me a great assignment when he presented me a tax file, and told me todo local returns. While I learnt carryforwards and carrybacks from Abishek, I had little idea how these were actually used to generate refunds. Mukesh just let me take a crack at it and see what I could figure out, which probably created a ton of headaches for me, but it gave me the opportunity to really understand the forms and I also learned Go System Tax pretty well. Mukesh made sure I wasn’t totally lost, but he let me learn my own way, and that really helped me understand both where the numbers come from and how moving different numbers to different places affected the amount of tax. It was a great learning experience for me, and though I may have bit off more than I could chew in trying to do the IT returns, I know a lot more about corporate income taxes just from doing this one return (Maybe it has to do with the fact it took me two and a half days also. ). I have found queries of different kinds for all the companies for which the auditor had made the required rectification. FOURTH WEEK: My internship was not all work and no play though. The events and opportunities put together were well planned, well executed, and very beneficial to me personally. The journal was a good idea not so much that I wanted to write what I had been doing in there, but that it made me think about my weeks as a whole and get some perspective, rather than be upset at something I screwed up on Monday and happy about something I did right on Wednesday. Our intern meetings were also a good way to see if I was having the same successes and failures as the other interns. .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .postImageUrl , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:hover , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:visited , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:active { border:0!important; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:active , .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3 .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3f47ddc199adb94901f25cf3540a31d3:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Religion and Love in Mexico EssayThe social side of R. C. Maheshwari Company was perhaps the biggest surprise to me. Recruiting material had talked about how the employees cared about each other and had fun doing things together, but many firms would make such claims. I found that these were not just tag lines in a glossy brochure, but rather they were real relationships between the people who fill our office. I enjoyed the softball games, happy hours . Our events, planned or spontaneous, really made me feel like I fit in here, that R. C. Maheshwari was sort of an extended family. That is the kind of thing is not reflected in one’s salary or office size – but rather it is reflected in the mirror, because people smile when they are happy to go to work at R. C. Maheshwari Associates. I found myself happy to go to work each day, and with my college lifestyle I would not have believed that was possible, but our people made it possible. As I proofread and revised this paper, I recognized that I demonstrated poor English by changing perspective from â€Å"I† to â€Å"Our† in the middle of this paper. But as I went to change it, I realized that perhaps that transition represents the transition that I made while working here. Initially R. C. Maheshwari was just an accounting firm that I worked at, sometimes on good projects, sometimes on bad. But as I worked more closely with the people here, I began to realize that we were something special. That we would get as many opportunities as our hearts desire and our skills could meet. I realized that our culture was what set us apart, and that the greatest assets R. C. Maheshwari Associates held were not on the books, but rather in the seats.

9 Funny Santa Claus Quotes Add Laughter to the Holidays

9 Funny Santa Claus Quotes Add Laughter to the Holidays Why does Santa Claus enter a house through a sooty fireplace? Why can he not simply knock at the door? The magic of Christmas, perhaps, lies in the mystery of Santa Claus. If you love Santa Claus, you will love these funny Santa quotes. But be warned, some of these quotes have wicked humor. Funny Quotes About Santa Claus Lee Lauer One of the problems we have in this country is that too many adults believe in Santa Claus, and too many children dont. Jack Handy If you ever have to steal money from your kid, and later on he discovers its gone, I think a good thing to do is to blame it on Santa Claus. Samuel Butler Nobody shoots at Santa Claus. James Gould A cynic is just a man who found out when he was about ten that there wasnt any Santa Claus, and hes still upset. Robert Paul You know youre getting old when Santa starts looking younger. Arlo Guthrie Santa Claus wears a Red Suit, he must be a communist. And a beard and long hair - must be a pacifist. Whats in that pipe that hes smoking? Bernard Manning I once bought my kids a set of batteries for Christmas with a note on it saying toys not included. Tom Armstrong Let me see if Ive got this Santa business straight. You say he wears a beard, has no discernible source of income and flies to cities all over the world under cover of darkness? You sure this guy isnt laundering illegal drug money? George Carlin Santa is very jolly because he knows where all the bad girls live.

Impact of Environment on Child Development

Impact of Environment on Child Development Free Online Research Papers In my report I’m going to touch on several topics pertaining to how genetic, environment, and what parents teach the child effects the development of the child. I also will discuss my views on parenting styles. I will discuss the consequences of parents working. I feel that the benefits of both parents working are not worth the consequences. If both parents most work their should be at least one home with the kids when they get in from school. In my opinion efforts to accelerate early development doesn’t work. If anything it slows down the process. Each child is different and will learn and do things on their own time. I never used a walker for my children because I felt they were to dangerous. I have seen babies fall off of porches and pull things down onto themselves. Without a walker or any extra encouragement my son walked at 10 months. As for my daughter she toke her time crawling, walking, and talking. With her the more we pushed the longer it toke her. Once we allowed her to do on her own we couldn’t stop her from talking or get her to sit still. Just like with anything else it is a mind thing. Once they get it in their heads to do it then and only then, they will walk. My advise for new parents is don’t waste your money on a walker. The interaction of genetic and environment do influence the development of a child. In my experience with raising a child that was not raised by their mother or father and they still have similar habits. I am raising three of my sister children and they all have some of her ways, even though she never really raised them. For example her oldest daughter, by the way she never raised her but they act just alike. That is were I feel her environment comes into play. You see my grandparents raised them both so I figure it must have something to do with how my grandparents choose to discipline them. Because my grandparents are what we call upper middle class. So they had the best of everything. Even so, the children still choose to be wild and crazy. Unlike me, who was raised by my mother along with three brothers and did not get the best of everything I chose a different path. Just like myself, my sister’s other three daughters were raised by my mother, and they are total opposite of their older sister. Now, don’t get me wrong, they still have some of their mothers ways. They just are not as bad as their sister. My sister’s father family has a history of depression, so that gene was past down to my sister who passed it on to her daughter. I’m sure that one of the ones I have my have it too, but it just has not presented itself yet. Taking this class and learning about the interaction of genetics and environment has only further my belief in this theory. A child is a product of their environment too. Children that I know who parents fight each other or other people are in more fights themselves then a child that is not exposed to such violence. I don’t believe that violence on television is the reason for children being so violent. We as parents are our children first influence. So what we do around them will determine what they do. Which brings me to my next issue. I feel that parents should be the ones teaching their children life values not the teacher or latest super star. If you start when they are young teaching them about respect. Once the child is old enough to talk and understand right from wrong is when you should start teaching them and working on building self-esteem. In this world today a child is never to young to learn the truth about the world. If we do not teach them before someone else does they my end up being miss lead. Parents that depend on others to teach their children the important things in life are setting them up for failure. We must start at home teaching them about sex, loving others, and not to hate people or bring them harm. We must show them love at home so they don’t go out looking for it in the streets. Even though kids will still do what they want if you teach them right from wrong then they will not stray far. Especially these days when so many children are raising children. I feel that this is an affect of parents working and also being single parents. Which causes parents to have to work to provide for their kids on their own. Which in turn leaves the children raising themselves because there is no one home to teach them. That is when children are easily miss lead and to do things that are not right. So even though some parents my have to work, they need to still take out the time to be there for their children to teach and love them. I believe that parenting styles and temperaments go hand in hand. The reason I feel this way is because parents that were to hard on their children grow up get out from their parents and rebel. Parents that are not so hard or not so easy either, children grow up to be good people. And those parents that were to easy on their children turned out to some of the worst kids you come across. For example my aunt is what we call an authoritarian and both of her children started rebelling in their teenage years. Right now, she has a teenage son that is giving her problems and her daughter did the same around the same age. Now my mother on the other hand was totally opposite and she never had any problems out of me. I never ran away like my cousins and I completed High School on time. My mother taught me when I was young so once I became a teenager she let me make my own chooses in certain situations. I feel her style of raising us was pretty good for the most part because I feel I t urned out just fine. It toke my cousin going away to college and away from her mother, to settle down and make something of her self so she would not have to depend on them anymore. Even now with my cousin, being on her own and has a child of her own, her mother is still that way with her. I think that being that way does not build a health and open relationship between parents and their children. When you don’t allow them to express their feelings then that is how we end up with kids shooting up schools. Parents must start treating children like they have brains and be open to them to talk to them about things that go on in their lives without fear of repercussion. Instead of telling teens not to have sex, educate them and let them know that you are always their for them when it comes down to them thinking about having sex. That would be a start at trying to cut down on teen pregnancy. So in the end parents are really the ones that determine what kind of person their kids turn out to be. In my report I talked about several topics that I feel are all linked together. The link of them all is the parents part in children development. The parents genetics, what parenting styles they choose, and where they choose to live all play a part in a child’s development. I also talked about the effects that parents working have on their children. Temperaments of a child are effected by the parenting styles that parents choose to use. I also touch on the acceleration efforts used to speed up development such as walkers. They do not help the process, but slow it down if anything. Parents must be positive and first influences on a child. Parents can’t expect for the schools, teachers, or preachers to be the ones to teach their children. And being too hard on your children can have a negative affect on how they act as teens. Parents most be more open and honest with their children these days, because there are so many other elements out there to teach your c hildren the wrong things. Basically I chose topics that I felt that I could relate to since I am a parent myself and come from such a big family where so many of us act a lot alike. While going over these topics it gave me proof of what I already believed. That parents and they interact with their child effect child’s development and life chooses. Research Papers on Impact of Environment on Child DevelopmentPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenStandardized TestingGenetic EngineeringHip-Hop is ArtComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Spring and AutumnRelationship between Media Coverage and Social and

Community development nursing Written assignment Essay

Community development nursing Written assignment - Essay Example To determine the role of the community nurses, the ecological factors that foster the substance abuse problems in this age group were determined, again through the review of literature. The current approach can be based on preventive approach designed through knowledge about these factors, many of which individual, familial, and social may be effectively controlled through social modifications. Awareness about this problem would thus be most important. From the community nursing point of view, due to the scope of exposure and interaction with the individuals within the community may help deliver care to those who are affected and prevent the risk factors that may prove to serve the purpose of achieving control on this problem. Worldwide, the recent reports from mental health care and primary care facilities indicate the significant importance of community health and public health policies in care for substance abuse and mental health disorders. Despite government initiatives, it is unfortunate that research in this area is limited since there is a paucity of literature on substance abuse services or related mental health intervention approaches provided in the community care settings (Druss, et al. 2006). More pertinent may be the fact that with the changing scenarios of this problem, how the services can be adjusted or evolved over time. Therefore the question arises how the community practitioner delivers the care necessary for people with substance abuse with the dynamic care needs of these clients, or it is impossible to deliver care in the community, specially by the community nurses for this problem The Problem and its Magnitude In Hong Kong a survey conducted during the 2008-09 school year revealed increasing prevalence and problem of youth substance abuse. In comparison to the survey conducted 4 years earlier, this survey revealed an 1% point increase in prevalence of substance abuse among school students, which currently is 4.3% of the school students. It is more prevalent in the adolescent age groups, and the magnitude of the problem can be conceived from the epidemiologic data that among 12 year old school students, 4.6% declared that they had abused substances or drugs. When compared to the same data 4 years ago, which was 2.4%, there is a clear trend of lowering of the age of substance abuse. These data should be interpreted with caution since in many such cases, these surveys fail to reveal the actual prevalence due to fear of admitting abuse. Although these surveys can offer scientific data, it is important to understand the trend that may facilitate services that can combat youth drug problems, whi ch has become very serious in Hong Kong. The "2008-09 Survey of Drug Use among Students" documents also reveals some very important information that are useful from the community nursing perspectives. This clearly states that the drivers of the decision to abuse substances among the youth reside in the community. The first is availability and the second is the hidden nature of the youth substance a

Smoking and Youth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Smoking and Youth - Essay Example This paper will provide the factors leading to excessive smoking addiction during adolescence, and various approaches that will help diminish this obsession. Adolescence is attracted to smoking owing to various factors.  Ã‚  One of the most prominent reasons why people start smoking at a very young age is the influence of their friends. In other words, peer pressure is the number one cause why teens would smoke.   Secondly, when a child grows up in an environment surrounded by smokers like if a father, uncle, aunt or cousins, smoke, chances of smoking is higher because smoking will appear as a normal activity to him.     In addition, youth today is exposed to television, beauty magazines where they see beautiful images of their favorite celebrities and models smoking, as a result, giving them the impression that it is something advisable, and enhances ones personality. However, once an individual starts tobacco consumption their reasons for smoking keep changing. It is a fact that once a child initiates smoking it becomes an addiction and it is not possible to quit that easily. When asked, the reason youth gave for smoking was either boredom or to relieve stress. Anxiety and stress is related to low self-esteem. Hence, one can say that low- self-respect could be one of the major reasons why youth smoke. Likewise, depression in youth is another important issue that should be considered when it comes to smoking, depressive symptoms seems evident in divorced parents or increased abusive behavior towards the child. In such circumstances, a child would be more inclined to smoking cigarettes to hide the pain and trauma. Hence, research shows the most important factors associated with under- age tobacco consumption is peer pressure, family environment that includes parents and siblings and most importantly low self-esteem.  Studies show that â€Å"each day, between 82,000 and 99,000 young people around the world start smoking†

Vygotsky Influenced By Marxism Sociology Essay

Vygotsky Influenced By Marxism Sociology Essay It is known and accepted in professional journals and works that Marxism influenced Vygotsky but why did this not show up in the earlier translations by Western psychologists? Marxism and Vygotsky L.S. Vygotsky was a witness of the Russian Revolution, which was the hot bed of Marxist theory and the forced development of a communist state (Elhammoumi, 2002). This was a period of tremendous stress and change for the Russian people, in which a significant ideological struggle took place (Elhammoumi, 2002). The basic premise to this struggle was between a focus on the private individual and a socially collective existence (Elhammoumi, 2002). At this level of philosophical transformation mixed with the great turmoil of the time, is the perfect environment for innovative scientist to produce new ideas (Elhammoumi, 2002). The same effect is what compelled Vygotskys ambition to be a part of what was called the new socialist experiment (Elhammoumi, 2002). Vygotsky could not have avoided the effect this philosophy had on his life and invariably, his methods based on this, we can deduce that the Russian Revolution is major evidence of the influence Marxism had his lifes work. Another Marxist influences which show in Vygotskys work are the following definitions, directly from Vygotsky work such as the term Adherence, which means the rejection of all non-materialist and non-Marxist theories (Elhammoumi, 2002). Other Marxist associations to Vygotskys work include his belief that society is not made up of the individual or groups of individuals but is the totality of their interrelationships as construed in the Marxist approach (Elhammoumi, 2002). Or the use of statements in his work such as counsciousness is shaped by social relations, which is also an important idea of Marx (Elhammoumi, 2002). Or Vygotskys work in which he advocates that change in human behavior has several elementary origins, such as, the destruction of capitalist forms of organization and production; the withering away of capitalist order and all forces which oppress manà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Elhammoumi, 2002). Or that Vygotsky believed that the destruction of capitalism would be instrumental i n freeing mankind from oppressive powers and allow man to liberate his growth (Elhammoumi, 2002). These ideas were commonly held by Marxist ideology and wrapped in Vygotskys historical-social theories (Elhammoumi, 2002). While researching journals for this paper, I came across an abundance of examples which clearly state that the Marxist influence is now widely accepted within the professional psychological arena. With these examples alone, we can easily agree that Vygotsky was not only influenced by Marx, but we could say that his works were integral in developing, at least, the basis of Marxist psychology (Roth, 2007). Why then, was this notion rejected and even suppressed by earlier Western psychologists until a few decades after World War II? The West and Vygotsky There has been much speculation in the psychological community in the past that Vygotsky was not a Marxist per se, regardless of his use of the doctrine in his work (Sheehy, 2004). This idea was due to Vygotskys work being shunned in the Soviet Union grounded by areas in which Vygotsky questioned and disagreed with Marx (Elhammoumi, 2002). This disagreement led some earlier Western psychologists to argue that Vygotsky rejected Marxism altogether, and was not involved in the development of Marxist psychology (Kosulin, 1986). Other Western psychologist had not only separated Vygotsky from Marxism but had included a rejection of what was termed as bourgeoisie humanism (Elhammoumi, 2002). Nonetheless, Marxist and Soviet psychologists knew that Vygotskys work was crucial in linking their proletariat brand of psychology with natural science in order to keep up with the developments being made in Germany and the United States (Sheehy, 2004). In order to solidify this link, Vygotsky would have to officially be a communist, which the Soviets implied (Sheehy, 2004). Accordingly, Vygotskys Marxist influence in many cases failed to be mentioned in earlier Western translations at all importantly, by overlooking the Marxist influence Vygotskys work is significantly weakended (Kosulin, 1986). The possibility of such suppression could lead to a crisis in the advancement in the entire study of psycholgogy (Kosulin, 1986). But, as will be explained later, Vygotsky link to the development of Soviet Psychology was questionable (Elhammoumi, 2002). We have established that the reasoning behind the suppression of Vygotskys Marxist influence, especially for the American psychologists, is the implication that Vygotsky work was directly involved in what eventually became the Soviet totalitarian government, which is now considered a false accusation (Roth, 2007). Do not forget that Vygotsky perviously shared restrictive ideas with Marxism but did not agree on all stances in regards to psychology (Elhammoumi, 2002). And today we understand that much of Vygotskys connection with Soviet Psychology comes from a Soviet Psychologist names Leontiev (Kosulin, 1986). Leontiev rose to prominence after a period in which Soviet officials had rejected Vygotsky due to his work influenced by the Gestalt psychology and the cross-cultural analysis of consciousness which was considered bourgeois and anti-communist (Kosulin, 1986). This prominence was gained by winning then prestigious Lenin Prize for scientific research, which gave Leontiev access to power within the Soviet governing body (Kosulin, 1986). This enabled him to reintroduce Vygotsky into the Soviet scientific world, an in order to avoid questions regarding Vygotskys original shunning, Leontiev named himself the interpreter of Vygotsky (Kosulin, 1986). Because of this, Vygotsky came to be known as a mere predecessor of Leontiev, which enabled Leontiev the freedom to correct the flaws in Vygotskys work thereby creating a solid link to the development of Soviet psychology (Kosulin, 1986). Evidence is now known that this link is a myth. Regardless, at the time, Western psychologists were rightful ly under the impression that Vygotsky and Soviet Psychology were inexplicably linked (Kosulin, 1986). This is, of course, the main reasoning behind creating sanitized translations of Vygotskys work suppressing the Marxist influence, not to mention more personal reasons like the lack of book sales (Elhammoumi, 2002). At the time, due to the Cold War, Western psychologist were uninterested in promoting anyone associated with communism, socialism, or Marxism (Kosulin, 1986). This went on until the late 1970s and early 1980s when Vygotskys involvement in Soviet science began to be questioned (Kosulin, 1986). MY VIEW I can see this point of view (was V a Marxist?), especially by Westerners, after Soviet Psychologists in later years, integrated Vygotsky into their philosophies which were heavily influenced by political doctrine and the Soviet state itself. In my view, it would be difficult to believe it did not, based on the fact he was alive and living in Russia during the Revolution how could anyone, especially an intellectual like Vygotsky, could not be influenced by the break-down of a political system which had been integral in the make-up of Russia for generations. Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934), But, I can see why some psychologist believe there was a connection between Vygotsky and the formulation of Marxist philosophy in the late 1920s, since Vygotsky did not die until 1934. The fundamentals of Marxist Instead of viewing these changes through the eyes of politics. Whether or not you agree or disagree or land somewhere in between in regards to Marxism it remains a ground-breaking shift in intellectualism. In order to see this from another view, Russian, in some cases, was still practicing feudalism which was the social and political structure of the Middle Ages! In the 19th century, as the West experienced a new age of industry and innovation. Although, in my view, true Marxism never came to be in its pure form, and instead, we witnessed the dilapidation and eventual fall of a distortion of this philosophy. I, personally, if these statements are accurate, do not want to see any philosophical or scientific works be deluded by political influences. I believe it is important to maintain historical accuracy, or we are no different than the oppressiveness of the former Soviet Union. What is meant by this, per the author, is that Society does not consist of individuals, but expresses the sum of interrelations, the relations within which these individuals stand and real intellectual wealth of the individual depends entirely on the wealth of his real connections This make sense. (Elhammoui, 2002) It is understood, in my view, that Westerners, Americans in particular, have a deep-seated distrust in anything related to communism based on the Cold War which is the case with Marxism. The main point Elhammoumi is trying to convey is that it is important to maintain Vogotskys Marxist influence in order to maintain a period of major intellectual creativity which occurred during and after the Russian Revolution (Elhammoumi, 2002). First of all, if Marxism was truly so impactful to vigotsky, then the omission of that would not be an accurate translation, which could have possibly left integral pieces out for Western psychologists while working to perfect the science as a whole (Kosulin, 1986). Example of myself or someone I know who experienced this (see directions) Conclusion Paragraph for entire paper SHOULD BE PART OF CONCLUSION Vygotsky, by using the framework of a post-revolutionary Soviet society, was determined to develop a new form of psychology (Elhammoumi, 2002). Just by what we have seen in the previous examples it becomes apparent that within Vygotskys theory, it seems as though he attempted to develop a type of theoretical psychology for Marxism (Elhammoumi, 2002). This brings us to the the issue of the West and Vygostky. TOPIC PAPER 1 7117 Due 3/5 @ Midnight submit to turnitin.com 24 hrs earlier 3 to 5 pages without cover and ref page. Each paper will contain a discussion of, or reflection upon, the topic presented in the course. MUST CITE AT LEAST 2 ADDITIONAL ARTICLES FROM PEER-REVIEWED JOURNALS not including those already utilized as part of the course materials. ABSTRACTS are not necessary. Each paper should contain: A summary of ONE major theory/concept (or portion of a theory/concept). At least one example from your own experience or someone you know that is relevant to or illustrates the topic/concept. Your persepective about (a critique of) the theory/concept. You must provide substantive arguments to justify your point of view.

Making the Cut :: Women Gender Issues Essays

Making the Cut In response to the failure of the International Bill of Gender Rights to pass congress in the fall of 2010, I propose a film that challenges society to examine the controversies surrounding gender identity construction and transgender people (Phyllis Randolph Frye, Esq., 1.) My film, "Making the Cut," is based loosely on the true story of Johns Hopkins Hospital case study "Joan/John," and chronicles the life of athlete Carla/Carlos Garcia (Diamond, 1). The film uses the example of sport as an indication that society is not yet ready to fully accept transgender individuals into its community. The film begins shortly after the protagonist Carla/Carlos has been born. The doctors immediately realize that the child has been born with a micropenis and determine, as is done to approximately 100 to 200 US children annually, that the child should undergo sex-selection surgery and be raised as a girl (Diamond, 1). The doctors attempt to explain this to the baby's mother, but as she only speaks Spanish their words are lost on her. Not being able to afford prenatal care, the mother has had no expectations for the sex of her child and rejoices when the doctors bring her a baby "girl," whom she names Carla. Carla grows up in Harlem and throughout her childhood is incl ined to participate in activities that society has historically associated with boys: sports, building furniture and playing in mock-fighting games. Carla feels more comfortable in the company of boys and often finds she identifies more closely with their lives than those of her female peers. As an athlete, Carla excels at basketball and earns the recognition of her high school coach and local media as being a basketball sensation. In her senior year, Carla is recruited to play basketball for the University of Connecticut on scholarship. Excited at the prospect of leaving the projects and being the first member of her family to attend college, Carla joins the basketball team. While studying at UCONN, Carla attends a lecture about sex-selection operations for a class. Immediately, she identifies with the stories of people whose sex was decided by their doctors at birth and begins to question her own gender identity. She starts an investigation into her childhood and discovers the med ical records recounting her sex-selection operation. Nervous about the significance of her discovery for her future, but relieved to learn that her inclinations towards feelings of masculinity had biological backing, Carla decides to live her life identifying as male.

Arroz Con Coco

Arroz Con Coco There are lots and lots of Hispanic type foods. What’s your favorite Hispanic type food? Mines is the famous â€Å"arroz con coco†. A lot of people love that dish. Now let me tell you why I love it so much. Before I start explaining my reasons, I bet your thinking†¦ What the heck is â€Å"arroz con coco†? Well basically it is just â€Å"rice with coconut†. Yes, coconut weird combination I know. But I’m used to it; I’ve been eating it since I was like born.I guess that’s why I love it so much. My grandma makes it the best. To me no one can do it as good as she does. Arroz con coco is just made up of two cups of coconut milk (either fresh or canned), two cups of long-grain rice, one teaspoon of salt, five ounces of Panela or†¦ just eight tbsp. of raw cane sugar, four cups of water and finally 1/3 cup of raisins(optional). All that make up a being plate of deliciousness.Off the Caribbean coast, Colombia, Venezuela , Panama, and Puerto Rico. Arroz con coco is a typical side dish for fries. But make it a little different. It is also served in places like Thailand and southern regions of India. But of course every country does it there own special way. In my family they cook arroz con coco every gathering, every holiday, occasion, everything. And everybody loves it. You should try it someday, if not your going to miss out on a lot .

What Are Alcohol Abuse - 1084 Words

1 What is alcohol abuse? Alcohol abuse is a psychiatric diagnosis describing the recurring use of alcohol despite its negative consequents. Alcohol abuse is sometimes referred to by the less specific term alcoholism. Alcohol abuse is associated with many accidents like, fights, drink driving, and unprotected sex. Alcohol is responsible in the world for 1.8million. 1.1 What are the effects? Damage to the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system can occur from chronic alcohol abuse. Long term use of alcohol is capable of damaging nearly every organ and system in the body. The negative effects include risk of; liver diseases, cancer, and pancreatitis. There are a lot of psychiatric disorders, they are; major depression, panic†¦show more content†¦Continuing to drink even though your alcohol use in causing problems in your relationships. Getting drunk with your buddies, for example even though you know your spouse will be very upset or fighting with your family because they dislike how you act when you’re drunk or drinking. Drinking as a way to relax or de-stress. Many drinking problems start when people use alcohol to self-soothe and relieve stress. 1.3 What is binge drinking? Binge drinking is a heavy amount of alcohol on a single occasion, or drinking continuously over a number of days or weeks. A person might be more likely to engage in this behaviour if they feel peer pressure to do it, or if they’re feeling awkward or uncomfortable at a party. 2 When do people start drinking? These days a lot of people (kids) under the age of 18 drink alcohol. They start drinking about 12 to 15 years of age. It used to be you weren’t allowed to drink at all until you were 18-21. 3 Who drinks it? A lot of people with depression or anxiety use drugs or alcohol to cope, or maybe they drink to fit in so they won’t feel left out, and when their older they’ll regret it because they would have turned into alcoholics and they won be able to get their licence or have any money because it’ll all go towards their alcohol 3.1 Who does it affect? It’s illegal for anyone under the age of 18, there body isn’t developed enough to process any alcoholic drink. A few useful tips for dealing with teenagers and drinking: setting a